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The 2nd Annual Physiology of Pacing Symposium is designed to provide clinicians with an in-depth understanding of current methods and strategies to optimize physiological pacing of the heart. This one-day symposium will focus on His bundle pacing (HBP), an evolving pacing modality that has the most potential to achieve electrical excitation of the heart through the normal specialized conduction system. Participants will review the history and relevant anatomy of the conduction system with regard to HBP, with particular educational emphasis on tips and methods for successful implantation. The program will then serve to provide an overview of clinical applications that have been established and are currently being evaluated through clinical trials. Comparative clinical and/or surgical strategies to achieve cardiac resynchronization through leadless technology, multisite pacing, and left ventricular (LV) endocardial pacing will be highlighted as well, with emphasisof physiologic considerations. 

INTENDED AUDIENCE

This activity is intended for electrophysiologists, and advanced practitioners in practice, as well as fellows in training for clinical electrophysiology.  

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to:
• Outline current and emerging therapies for cardiac pacing, with emphasis on physiologic mechanism and responses to cardiac resynchronization therapy.
• Review the relationship between electrical stimulation of the heart with mechanics of myocardial contraction.
• Discuss the evolving role of His bundle pacing (HBP) for standard permanent pacing as well as for cardiac resynchronization.
• Review history and recent advances in His bundle pacing and emerging clinical situations and applications in the setting of narrow and wide QRS morphology patients.
• Describe challenges and methods for implantation technique of permanent His-bundle pacemaker.
• Review the relevant anatomy of the membranous septum, conduction system with relation to the right atrium, and tricuspid valve.
• Explain the potential role of His bundle pacing for patients with atrial fibrillation.
• Summarize strategies and clinical evidence for the various approaches to achieve cardiac resynchronization including leadless technology, multisite pacing, and left ventricular (LV) endocardial pacing.
• Discuss strategies for improving current technologies and tools for cardiac resynchronization.